TXB0104 4-Bit Bidirectional Voltage-Level Translator Module

TXB0104 4-Bit Bidirectional Voltage-Level Translator Module is a sophisticated, non-inverting push-pull transceiver that allows for seamless data communication between devices operating at different logic voltage levels. This module utilizes the Texas Instruments TXB0104 IC, which features two independent configurable power-supply rails to bridge the gap between low-voltage microcontrollers and high-voltage peripherals. Consequently, you can connect a 1.8V or 3.3V processor directly to 5V sensors without the risk of electrical damage. Furthermore, the device employs automatic direction sensing, which eliminates the need for a direction-control signal from the host processor. Therefore, this module provides a plug-and-play solution for complex mixed-voltage systems including I2C, SPI, and UART interfaces.

Key Features:

• Automatic Direction Sensing: The IC detects the data flow direction automatically, which simplifies software development and reduces the required pin count on your MCU.
• Independent Voltage Rails: Two separate supply pins allow the A-port to track V_CCA (1.2V to 3.6V) and the B-port to track V_CCB (1.65V to 5.5V).
• Low Power Consumption: The module operates with ultra-low static power draw, making it ideal for battery-powered IoT applications.
• Partial Power-Down Support: The I/O pins enter a high-impedance state if either V_CC input is at ground, protecting the circuitry from backflow current.
• Breadboard Friendly: This module usually comes with standard 0.1-inch pitch headers, allowing for rapid prototyping on standard breadboards.

Technical Specifications:

• V_CCA Supply Voltage Range: 1.2 V to 3.6 V
• V_CCB Supply Voltage Range: 1.65 V to 5.5 V
• Maximum Data Rate: 100 Mbps (at 3.3V to 5V translation)
• I/O Type: Push-Pull (Not recommended for open-drain I2C with strong pull-ups)
• Operating Temperature Range: −40°C to +85°C
• ESD Protection: ±15 kV HBM on B-port I/O pins

Mechanical Specifications:

• IC Package: TSSOP-14 (on-module)
• Module Type: Breakout Board (Blue or Black PCB)
• Header Pins: 2×6 or 2×7 Male Headers (Standard 2.54 mm pitch)
• PCB Material: FR-4 Glass Fiber

Dimensions:

• PCB Length: ≈ 26 mm
• PCB Width: ≈ 15 mm
• Total Height: ≈ 3 mm (without headers)
• Mounting Hole Diameter: N/A (Standard breakout format)

Pinout and Wiring:

• VCCA: Connect to the lower voltage source (e.g., 3.3V). Note: V_CCA must be ≤ V_CCB.
• VCCB: Connect to the higher voltage source (e.g., 5.0V).
• GND: Connect to the common ground of both systems.
• OE (Output Enable): Tie to V_CCA for normal operation; pull low to place all I/O pins in high-impedance.
• A1-A4: Input/Output pins referenced to V_CCA.
• B1-B4: Input/Output pins referenced to V_CCB.
• Wiring Note: However, avoid using very long wires, as parasitic capacitance can interfere with the auto-direction sensing circuitry.

Datasheet Reference:

• Download Texas Instruments TXB0104 Datasheet

Commonly Used in:

• Microcontroller Interfacing: Connecting 3.3V ESP32 or STM32 boards to 5V Arduino-compatible shields.
• SD Card Modules: Bridging the gap between 5V logic and 3.3V SD card SPI interfaces.
• Sensor Integration: Enabling communication with low-voltage high-speed CMOS sensors.

Applications:

• SPI Communication: Level-shifting for high-speed Serial Peripheral Interface buses.
• UART Level Shifting: Safe serial communication between PC-side 5V TTL and 1.8V/3.3V target devices.
• Logic Level Matching: General purpose signal conditioning for mixed-signal PCB designs.

Equivalent Models:

• TXS0104: A similar 4-bit translator designed specifically for open-drain applications like I2C.
• ADG3304 (Analog Devices): A functionally similar 4-channel bidirectional logic level translator.
• BSS138 Level Shifter: A simpler MOSFET-based alternative, however, it does not support the same high-speed data rates as the TXB0104.

Package Includes:

• 1 x TXB0104 4-Bit Bidirectional Voltage-Level Translator Module
• 2 x 6-Pin Male Header Strip (Unsoldered)